Steam-turbine.



- ITO-893,14!)- v PATENTED JULY 14, 1903.

. J. w. DOUGHERTY.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6,1907- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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No.-s9s,149. PATENTED JULY 14, 1908.

' I. w. DOUGHERTY.

STEAM TURBINE, APPLIOATION FILED June, 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEBT2.

a9 F I 5 WITNESSES; INVENTOR.

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' PATENTED 111M114, 1908. J. W. DOUGHBRTY.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 6,1907;

3 SHEETS-SHEET a.

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wM/zywv/mzz .j w y JAMES WILLIAM DOUGHERIY, OF MCKEESPORT, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 14, 1908 Application filed June 6, 1907. Serial No.377,638.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES WILLIAM DOUGH- ERTY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in McKeesport, in the county of Allegheny, State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Steam or Elastic-FluidPressure Turbine, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fluid pressure turbines, its object being toprovide a simple, practical and eflicient means for introducing the livesteam or elastic fluid in position to be directed radially against theblades; to reduce the leakage of steam or elastic fluids past thenozzles or blades to a minimum, and to improve this class of machines inother respects, all as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of the turbine with the u perhalf of the outer shell or casing remove Fig. 2 is a side view of theturbine; Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line CD Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is asection taken on the line A-B Fig. 1 Fig. 5 is a partial section 1 takenon the line EF, Flg. 3.

In the drawings the numeral 1 designates the lower half of the shell orcasing and 5 the upper half of the same. In the upper half 5 of theshell or casing there are pipes 28 for conveying a fluid to the annulargrooves 3 in the shell for the purpose hereinafter set forth. In thelower half 1 of the shell are the eX- haust outlets 6 and the steam orelastic fluid inlets 2. Said exhausts and inlets may be cast integralwith the lower half of the shell. Preferably cast integral with thelower half 1 of the shell are the semi-circular disks 11" with the inlet2 formed between the same. The semi-circular disks 11 are bolted to thesemi-circular disks 11 by means of the bolts 15 and said semi-circulardisks when united together in this manner form the passage 27 inclosedby the walls 17 forming part of the disks 11 and 11 At each end of thepassage 27 are the discharge openings 13. The semicircular disks 1 1 areconnected by the webs 31.

Secured by the bolts 22 to the disks formed by the semi-circular disks11 and ll' 'are the stationaryblade disks 10 and 10*. Within saidstationary disks are the annular grooves 40.

Mounted on the shaft 24 are the rotary disks 19. Bolted by bolts 23 tosaid rotary disks are the blade disks 9 and 9 The disks 9 and 9 areprovided with the annular grooves 42. Within the grooves 40 and 42 arethe loosely mounted rings 34 and 36. The blades 39 are secured withinthe disks 9 .the shaft 24 are the collars 21.

thereby forming a rigid and substantially in te al connection.

t is apparent that if the stationary and the moving blades on one set ofthe turbine disks be arranged in the opposite direction to thestationary and moving blades of the other set of disks the reversal ofthe direction of rotation of the turbine may be accomplished byalternately opening and closing the throttle valves 8 connected to thesource of fluid supply. The disks 19 are secured by keys 20 to the shaft24 which is journaled in boxes 14 fitted to brackets 29 on the shell orcasing.

On the lower half of the shell or casing are the bosses 30 with holesformed therein for bolts to secure the turbine to a suitable foundation.

By the arrangement of piping, valves and connections to the inletpassages to introduce the fluid pressure between the turbine disksindependent operation of any one or more sets of the turbines may besecured. Economy in the use of the steam-or other fluid can be securedby cutting out one or more of the sets of turbine disks when the duty towhich the turbine is subjected is small enough to 'ustify such aprocedure, which can be readily accomplished by closing one of thethrottle valves 8.

The pipes 28 leading to the annular grooves 3 provide means forpreventing the air entering the shell or casing where the shaft 24emerges therefrom. The fluid used in the annu ar groove may be water,and fitted on The collars being slightly smaller than the annulargrooves 3 permits a thin film of water adhering to the sides of thecollar to be carried around and completely fill the space between thecollars and grooves, thereby preventing air from entering the shell orcasing when the turbine is operating with a condenser.

In the operation of my improved turbine the steam or elastic fluidenterin the main pipe 4 passes thence by the thrott e valves 8 andfittings to the inlet passages 2 leading to the passages 27 where itdischarges through openings 13 into the circular rows of stationarynozzles or blades 25, whence it is delivered against the circular rowsof moving blades 39, producing rotation of the shaft 24. This manner ofthe steam entering the circular roWs of stationary nozzles anddischarging in circular rows of moving blades is carried through aconvenient number of stages to absorb as much. of the energy in thesteam as practicable until it is finally discharged into the shell orcasing whence it enters the condenser or escapes to the atmospherethrough exhaust outlet 6.

By the employment of the rings fitting in the annular grooves in theblade disks I prevent the leakage of steam past the ends of the nozzlesor blades, thereby decreasing the loss of steam.

' lVhat I claim is 1. In a fluid ressure turbine, the combination of ashel or casing divided longitudinally into tWo or more parts, stationarydisk segments forming when assembled a central steam passage, b adescarried by said disks, and rotating blade disks secured to the shaft.

2. .In a fluid ressure turbine, the combination of a she or casingdivided longitudinally into two or more parts, stationary disks Withinsaid shell or casing, said disks being divided longitudinally andproviding, When assembled, a central steam passage,

blades carried by said disks, and rotating blade disks secured to theshaft.

3. In a fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a shell or casing,semi-circular disks cast integral With said shell or casing and having afluid supply opening, upper semicircular disks secured to said lowerdisks and forming a central steam supply passage with which said fluidopening communicates, turbine blades carried by said disks, and rotatingblade disks secured to the shaft.

4. In a fluid. pressure turbine, the combination of a shell, or casing,a shaft, stationary disks in said shell, rotating disks on said shaft,inner disks removably secured to said rotating disks, and blades carriedby said inner disks and said stationary disks.

5. In a fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a shell or casing, ashaft, stationary disks in said shell, outer disks reimwably secured tosaid stationary disks, blades carried by said outer disks, rotatingdisks on said shaft, inner disks removably secured to said rotatingdisks, and blades carried by said inner disks.

JAMES WILLIAM llOUGllllll'lY.

Witnesses:

MARTIN H. YEs'rER, HUGH DOUGHERTY.

